Workplace bullying is repeated, unreasonable behaviour directed at a worker or group of workers. It can cause serious psychological and physical harm, making it a significant health and safety risk.

Unreasonable behaviour is defined by the effect of the behaviour, not the intent of the behaviour, as there may not be any specific intent to cause harm to someone’s health. Whether the unreasonable behaviour was intended or not, or whether the person recognises that their actions could cause harm, does not reduce the risk of harm from the behaviour. 

Under work health and safety (WHS) laws, businesses must manage the risks of workplace bullying.

What is workplace bullying?

Workplace bullying involves behaviour that is:

• repeated and unreasonable
• directed towards a person or group of people.

Examples of bullying

Examples of behaviour, whether intentional or unintentional, that may be workplace bullying include:

• abusive or offensive language
• unjustified criticism or complaints
• deliberately excluding someone from work activities
• withholding necessary information
• setting unrealistic deadlines
• assigning tasks beyond a person’s skill level
• not providing needed information or support
• spreading rumours
• changing work arrangements to inconvenience others.

Bullying often stems from poor workplace culture. Addressing it early helps prevent it from becoming accepted behaviour.

Effects of workplace bullying

Bullying can harm both the person targeted and those who witness it. It can lead to:

• anxiety, depression, and panic attacks
• physical issues like headaches and fatigue
• loss of confidence and self-esteem
• isolation
• decreased work performance and concentration
• suicidal thoughts.

Impact on the workplace

Exposure to psychosocial hazards and risk factors in the workplace can also affect performance and increase the risk of accidents or incidents. This can also lead to:

• high staff turnover
• low morale and motivation
• increased absenteeism
• lost productivity
• costs from complaints and legal actions
• damage to business reputation.